原創|其它|編輯:郝浩|2009-04-24 10:08:47.000|閱讀 411 次
概述:在.NET Framework 2.0 引進泛型之前,都是使用System.Collections namespace命名空間下的集合存儲對象。在.NET 2.0中,許多集合類紛紛實現了IEnumerable
# 界面/圖表報表/文檔/IDE等千款熱門軟控件火熱銷售中 >>
在.NET Framework 2.0 引進泛型之前,都是使用System.Collections namespace命名空間下的集合存儲對象。在.NET 2.0中,許多集合類紛紛實現了IEnumerable<T>接口而泛型化。但是,還有相當部分的類沒有實現IEnumerable的泛型版本。
LINQ能實現查詢泛型對象或者實現了IEnumerable<T>接口的對象。然而,諸如ArrayList這樣的非泛型集合并沒有實現IEnumerable<T>接口。接下來,讓我們看看,在這種情況下,如何使用LINQ查詢非泛型集合。
C#
public class Cars
2{
3public string CarMake { get;set;}
4public string CarModel { get; set; }
5public int Year { get; set; }
6}
7
8
9class Program
10{
11static void Main(string[] args)
12{
13 ArrayList carList = new ArrayList();
14 carList.Add(new Cars
15 {
16 CarMake="BMW", CarModel="BMW Art", Year=1978
17 });
18 carList.Add(new Cars
19 {
20 CarMake = "BMW", CarModel = "Coupe", Year = 1982
21 });
22 carList.Add(new Cars
23 {
24 CarMake = "Renault", CarModel = "Alpine", Year = 1972
25 });
26 carList.Add(new Cars
27 {
28 CarMake = "Porsche", CarModel = "Maisto", Year = 1976
29 });
30
31 var carQuery = from car in carList
32 where car.CarMake == "BMW"
33 select car;
34}
如上面的代碼所示,我們聲明Cars對象并將其填充到ArrayList集合當中。并且使用類似LINQ查詢泛型集合的方法來查詢這個ArrayList集合。你認為結果會如何?
當 然,上面的代碼并沒有通過編譯,原因是ArrayList并沒有實現IEnumerable<T>接口導致不能使用LINQ進行查詢。那么, 是否我們能妄下結論說LINQ不能查詢非泛型集合呢?那么那些返回ArrayList對象的類庫將何去何從?我們是否能巧妙地處理這些問題或者使用能返回 泛型集體的方法代替呢?在不改變特性的前提下,讓我們看看三個解決問題的小技巧。
方法一,顯式指定變量類型,該類型與集合中的對象類型必須一致。
通過顯式聲明變量類型進行查詢,你可以將集合中的每個對象轉換成指定的對象。
C# VB.net
1 Dim cc = _
2 From car As Cars In carList _
3 Where car.CarMake = "BMW" _
4 Select car
注意我們將轉變量car換成Cars
方法二,使用Cast方法
Cast方法可以將(實現IEnumerable)接口的)非泛型集合返回IEnumerable<T>接口對象。一旦我們得到IEnumerable<T>接口對象,我們就可以使用LINQ查詢了。
C#
1 var cc1 = from car in carList.Cast<Cars>()
2 where car.CarMake == "BMW"
3 select car; VB.net
1 Dim cc1 = _
2 From car In carList.Cast(Of Cars)() _
3 Where car.CarMake = "BMW" _
4 Select car
注意,方法一中的所介紹的方法與這種方法相似。
方法三,除了Cast運算符,我們也可以使用OfType
OfType可以過濾集合中相同類型的元素,如果你的集合中包含了不同類型的元素。這個方法得到指定類型的元素對象。
C#
3種方法的全部代碼如下所示 C# VB.net var cc2 = from car in carList.OfType<Cars>()
2 where car.CarMake == "BMW"
3 select car;
Dim cc2 = _
2 From car In carList.OfType(Of Cars)() _
3 Where car.CarMake = "BMW" _
4 Select car
1using System;
2using System.Collections.Generic;
3using System.Linq;
4using System.Text;
5using System.Collections;
6
7namespace QueryArraylistWithLINQ
8{
9public class Cars
10{
11public string CarMake { get;set;}
12public string CarModel { get; set; }
13public int Year { get; set; }
14}
15
16
17class Program
18{
19 static void Main(string[] args)
20 {
21 ArrayList carList = new ArrayList();
22 carList.Add(new Cars
23 {
24 CarMake = "BMW",
25 CarModel = "BMW Art",
26 Year = 1978
27 });
28 carList.Add(new Cars
29 {
30 CarMake = "BMW",
31 CarModel = "Coupe",
32 Year = 1982
33 });
34 carList.Add(new Cars
35 {
36 CarMake = "Renault",
37 CarModel = "Alpine",
38 Year = 1972
39 });
40 carList.Add(new Cars
41 {
42 CarMake = "Porsche",
43 CarModel = "Maisto",
44 Year = 1976
45 });
46
47
48 var cc = from Cars car in carList
49 where car.CarMake == "BMW"
50 select car;
51
52 var cc1 = from car in carList.Cast<Cars>()
53 where car.CarMake == "BMW"
54 select car;
55
56 var cc2 = from car in carList.OfType<Cars>()
57 where car.CarMake == "BMW"
58 select car;
59
60
61 foreach (Cars c in cc1)
62 Console.WriteLine(c.CarMake + "-" + c.CarModel);
63
64 Console.ReadLine();
65 }
66}
67}
1Imports System
2Imports System.Collections.Generic
3Imports System.Linq
4Imports System.Text
5Imports System.Collections
6
7Namespace QueryArraylistWithLINQ
8Public Class Cars
9Private privateCarMake As String
10Public Property CarMake() As String
11 Get
12 Return privateCarMake
13 End Get
14 Set(ByVal value As String)
15 privateCarMake = value
16 End Set
17End Property
18Private privateCarModel As String
19Public Property CarModel() As String
20 Get
21 Return privateCarModel
22 End Get
23 Set(ByVal value As String)
24 privateCarModel = value
25 End Set
26End Property
27Private privateYear As Integer
28Public Property Year() As Integer
29 Get
30 Return privateYear
31 End Get
32 Set(ByVal value As Integer)
33 privateYear = value
34 End Set
35End Property
36End Class
37
38
39Friend Class Program
40 Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
41 Dim carList As New ArrayList()
42 carList.Add(New Cars With {.CarMake = "BMW", .CarModel = "BMW Art", .Year = 1978})
43 carList.Add(New Cars With {.CarMake = "BMW", .CarModel = "Coupe", .Year = 1982})
44 carList.Add(New Cars With {.CarMake = "Renault", .CarModel = "Alpine", .Year = 1972})
45 carList.Add(New Cars With {.CarMake = "Porsche", .CarModel = "Maisto", .Year = 1976})
46
47
48 Dim cc = _
49 From car As Cars In carList _
50 Where car.CarMake = "BMW" _
51 Select car
52
53 Dim cc1 = _
54 From car In carList.Cast(Of Cars)() _
55 Where car.CarMake = "BMW" _
56 Select car
57
58 Dim cc2 = _
59 From car In carList.OfType(Of Cars)() _
60 Where car.CarMake = "BMW" _
61 Select car
62
63
64 For Each c As Cars In cc1
65 Console.WriteLine(c.CarMake & "-" & c.CarModel)
66 Next c
67
68 Console.ReadLine()
69 End Sub
70End Class
71End Namespace
本站文章除注明轉載外,均為本站原創或翻譯。歡迎任何形式的轉載,但請務必注明出處、不得修改原文相關鏈接,如果存在內容上的異議請郵件反饋至chenjj@fc6vip.cn
文章轉載自:互聯網